{"id":72636,"date":"2017-12-27T10:30:12","date_gmt":"2017-12-27T09:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.comicbox.com\/?p=72636"},"modified":"2017-12-27T07:53:42","modified_gmt":"2017-12-27T06:53:42","slug":"imaginarium-lenergie-cosmics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.comicbox.com\/index.php\/articles\/imaginarium-lenergie-cosmics\/","title":{"rendered":"Imaginarium: L\u2019\u00e9nergie Co(s)mics"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’\u00e9nergie. Cette \u00ab force en action \u00bb (c\u2019est le sens, dans le grec ancien, du mot en\u00e9rgeia), est au c\u0153ur de la dramaturgie super-h\u00e9ro\u00efque. Et elle est rapidement devenue un motif tangible (et central) dans le travail graphique des artistes du genre. Deux d\u2019entre eux en particulier en font un usage personnel et remarquable. Mais regardons de pr\u00e8s leurs travaux les plus aboutis de ce point de vue-l\u00e0, et une question \u00e9merge : cette \u00e9nergie, ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, n\u2019aurait-elle pas chang\u00e9 de main ?<\/p>\n

Dans tout r\u00e9cit l\u2019action est une interruption de l\u2019intrigue. Elle provoque une tension, et l\u2019intrigue reprend d\u00e8s qu\u2019elle se termine. L\u2019action existe un peu partout, dans la bande dessin\u00e9e dite franco-belge y-compris, mais toute intrigue qui se veut dense \u00e9vitera d\u2019en abuser. Elle fournira pour l\u2019essentiel de simples articulations dans la narration de ce qui se noue et se d\u00e9noue. Dans le r\u00e9cit super-h\u00e9ro\u00efque, en revanche, l\u2019action (et l\u2019\u00e9nergie qui est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e avec) fait partie inh\u00e9rente de l\u2019intrigue elle-m\u00eame. Le personnage est l\u2019incarnation d\u2019une force latente qui ne demande qu\u2019\u00e0 s\u2019exprimer, et qui attend l\u2019\u00e9mergence du costume pour devenir action, seule entit\u00e9 qui peut r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me pos\u00e9. A tel point que la figuration de l\u2019\u00e9nergie envahira de plus en plus les planches. S\u2019il n\u2019a pas vraiment invent\u00e9 tous les codes qui posent l\u2019\u00e9nergie comme \u00e9l\u00e9ment constitutif des comics de super-h\u00e9ros, il est un dessinateur en particulier qui va ent\u00e9riner cette esth\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n

(New) Gods Save The \u00ab King \u00bb<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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Dans la p\u00e9riode la plus achev\u00e9e de son travail, l\u2019\u00e9nergie d\u00e9borde des pages de Jack Kirby. Les postures des personnages, d\u2019abord ; ils sont contin\u00fbment comme des ressors tendus, dans la moindre des situations. Faut-il ramasser un stylo tomb\u00e9 au sol ? L\u2019attitude du protagoniste sera celle d\u2019un adepte du plongeon sportif pr\u00eat \u00e0 bondir de son tremplin. Les armes ou les machines, ensuite ; d\u2019une esth\u00e9tique reconnaissable, elles tirent des rayons tout aussi singuliers, bourr\u00e9s de petits cercles noirs dont \u00e9manent une intensit\u00e9 rare et palpable. Les coups dans les combats au corps \u00e0 corps, enfin (et surtout !) ; Les traits d\u2019\u00e9nergie qu\u2019ils lib\u00e8rent envahissent tout le d\u00e9cor, allant parfois jusqu\u2019\u00e0 masquer une partie des h\u00e9ros eux-m\u00eames. C\u2019est l\u00e0 que le King va le plus loin, au point que ses confr\u00e8res, y-compris lorsqu\u2019ils reprennent des s\u00e9ries qu\u2019il a marqu\u00e9es de son empreinte (John Buscema sur Fantastic Four par exemple), n\u2019osent pas reprendre le motif avec le m\u00eame degr\u00e9 d\u2019ostentation. Notons cependant que le trait, du crayon ou du pinceau, est quant \u00e0 lui assur\u00e9, ma\u00eetris\u00e9, contr\u00f4l\u00e9 avec une application qu\u2019on peut associer \u00e0 la calligraphie. Il en va autrement dans le travail d\u2019un autre artiste pour qui la \u00ab force en action \u00bb est \u00e9galement primordiale.<\/p>\n

The Dark Miller Returns<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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On sait que Frank Miller, d\u00e9barquant sur Daredevil, va r\u00e9volutionner la narration s\u00e9quentielle du genre ; il va aussi y injecter du polar, de la culture nippone, ou encore de la dystopie avec son Batman. Mais allons voir directement ses travaux les plus r\u00e9cents. Ce qui frappe imm\u00e9diatement \u00e0 la vue des planches de Holy Terror ou de celles qu\u2019il va r\u00e9aliser et encrer pour The Dark Knight III : The Master Race (ainsi que les couvertures variantes), c\u2019est la d\u00e9bauche de taches, de projections, de coulures d\u2019encre, techniques qui renvoient au \u00ab dripping \u00bb et au \u00ab pouring \u00bb de Jackson Pollock (le peintre n\u2019a pas con\u00e7u cette m\u00e9thode mais il l\u2019a massivement utilis\u00e9e au point qu\u2019elle est couramment associ\u00e9e \u00e0 son \u0153uvre). Miller bombarde sa feuille de dessin, il la gratte, il y colle violemment des empreintes, il la balaye de gros pinceaux aux traces fulgurantes ; taches, petits points, traits dans tous les sens, gicl\u00e9es de noir ou de blanc, cet encrage \u00ab dirty \u00bb porte en lui l\u2019\u00e9nergie bouillonnante de la gestuelle du dessinateur. Energie encore, \u00e9nergie toujours ! Mais parle-t-on de la m\u00eame ?<\/p>\n

Figuration \u00e0 main arm\u00e9e<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Soyons clairs, on l\u2019a dit : Jack Kirby n\u2019a pas cr\u00e9\u00e9 la repr\u00e9sentation visuelle de cette \u00e9nergie \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre dans les combats de super-h\u00e9ros. Mais il l\u2019a port\u00e9e \u00e0 un tel degr\u00e9 de visibilit\u00e9 qu\u2019elle en est devenue capitale. De m\u00eame, Frank Miller ne fut pas le premier \u00e0 appliquer les techniques popularis\u00e9es par Jackson Pollock. Bill Sienkiewicz, notamment, avec qui il a plusieurs fois collabor\u00e9, en usait dans ses peintures ou ses encrages. Mais l\u00e0 encore, Miller les a exploit\u00e9es \u00e0 un tel niveau de priorit\u00e9 qu\u2019elles sont \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent fondamentales dans son travail. Ceci \u00e9tant, l\u2019\u00e9tude des travaux de Kirby et Miller nous aura montr\u00e9 une chose : l\u2019\u00e9nergie consubstantielle du r\u00e9cit super-h\u00e9ro\u00efque a travers\u00e9 la feuille de dessin ! Elle est pass\u00e9e, en quelques d\u00e9cennies, du poing ferm\u00e9 du personnage aux doigts serr\u00e9s du dessinateur. Ce d\u00e9placement, cette passation de (super) pouvoir, nous dit peut-\u00eatre (s\u00fbrement ?) quelque chose de l\u2019art, ou m\u00eame de notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Mais cette question-l\u00e0, bien s\u00fbr, est une autre histoire.<\/p>\n[Bernard Dato]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’\u00e9nergie. Cette \u00ab force en action \u00bb (c\u2019est le sens, dans le grec ancien, du mot en\u00e9rgeia), est au c\u0153ur de la…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":72653,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3,1727,5577],"tags":[21,88,114,5578],"class_list":["post-72636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-diapo","category-imaginarium","tag-comics","tag-frank-miller","tag-jack-kirby","tag-imaginarium"],"yoast_head":"\nImaginarium: L\u2019\u00e9nergie Co(s)mics -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.comicbox.com\/index.php\/articles\/imaginarium-lenergie-cosmics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Imaginarium: L\u2019\u00e9nergie Co(s)mics -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L’\u00e9nergie. 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